Cover of The Birth of Tragedy; or, Hellenism and Pessimism

The Birth of Tragedy; or, Hellenism and Pessimism

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  • 36 chapters
  • Reading level: College-level

"The Birth of Tragedy; or, Hellenism and Pessimism" by Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche is a work of dramatic theory published in 1872. Nietzsche introduces a bold dichotomy between the Dionysian and Apollonian forces—disorder versus order—that he believed shaped ancient Greek tragedy. He argues that Greek tragedy achieved art's highest form by uniting these opposing elements, allowing audiences to experience the full human condition. Nietzsche traces tragedy's decline through rationalism and suggests Richard Wagner's operas might revive this lost balance.

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  • Aesthetics
  • Music · Philosophy and aesthetics
  • Tragedy
  • Greek drama (Tragedy) · History and criticism · Theory, etc.
  • Mythology, Greek, in literature
  • Tragic, The

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Chapter 2

What I then laid hands on, something terrible and dangerous, a problem with horns, not necessarily a bull itself, but at all events a new problem: I should say to-day it was the problem of science itself—science conceived for the first time as problematic, as questionable. But the book, in which my youthful ardour and suspicion then discharged themselves—what an impossible book must needs grow out of a task so disagreeable to youth. Constructed of nought but precocious, unripened self-experiences, all of which lay close to the threshold of the communicable, based on the groundwork of art—for the problem of science cannot be discerned on the groundwork of science,—a book perhaps for artists, with collateral analytical and retrospective aptitudes (that is, an exceptional kind of artists, for whom one must seek and does not even care to seek ...), full of psychological innovations and artists' secrets, with an artists' metaphysics in the background, a work of youth, full of youth's mettle and youth's melancholy, independent, defiantly self-sufficient even when it seems to bow to some authority and self-veneration; in short, a firstling-work, even in every bad sense of the term; in spite of its senile problem, affected with every fault of youth, above all with youth's prolixity and youth's "storm and stress": on the other hand, in view of the success it had (especially with the great artist to whom it addressed itself, as it were, in a duologue, Richard Wagner) a demonstrated book, I mean a book which, at any rate, sufficed "for the best of its time." On this account, if for no other reason, it should be treated with some consideration and reserve; yet I shall not altogether conceal how disagreeable it now appears to me, how after sixteen years it stands a total stranger before me,—before an eye which is more mature, and a hundred times more fastidious, but which has by no means grown colder nor lost any of its interest in that self-same task essayed for the first time by this daring book,—to view science through the optics of the artist, and art moreover through the optics of life....

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Contents

Show all 36 chapters
  1. Volume One
  2. Introduction.[1]
  3. Chapter 2
  4. Chapter 3
  5. Chapter 4
  6. Chapter 5
  7. Chapter 6
  8. Chapter 7
  9. Chapter 1
  10. Chapter 2
  11. Chapter 3
  12. Chapter 4
  13. Chapter 5
  14. Chapter 6
  15. Chapter 7
  16. Chapter 8
  17. Chapter 9
  18. Chapter 10
  19. Chapter 11
  20. Chapter 12
  21. Chapter 13
  22. Chapter 14
  23. Chapter 15
  24. Chapter 16
  25. Chapter 17
  26. Chapter 18
  27. Chapter 19
  28. Chapter 20
  29. Chapter 21
  30. Chapter 22
  31. Chapter 23
  32. Chapter 24
  33. Chapter 25
  34. Appendix
  35. Chapter 2
  36. Chapter 3
  37. Chapter 4

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About this edition

This free edition of The Birth of Tragedy; or, Hellenism and Pessimism by Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche comes from Project Gutenberg eBook #51356, released 2016-03-04. It is in the public domain in the United States, so you can read it here in full at no cost, on any phone, tablet or computer. Genre: Classics of Literature, Philosophy & Ethics.

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